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Know which is shaping the market structure for your product in a project ......

By: Monica Thompson Mrs. Jannette B.

The competitive environment that will occur in the project, if implemented, can acquire one of the following forms of market: From the point of view of the number of applicants, most popular markets are monopsonistic and oligopsony. The termination "sone" indicates that we are referring to the next buyer in the market, "mono" is one and "oligo" there are a few. From the point of view of bidders, economic theory identifies four basic market types: perfect competition, monopoly, oligopoly and monopolistic competition. This allows us to analyze and predict how operators will behave in each of them. These market structures are defined by four characteristics.

• number of producers in the market.
  
• either type (homogeneous or differentiated). Grade
  
• price control by the company.
  
• existence of barriers to entry.

Market Structure

Perfect competition is characterized by that there are many buyers and sellers of a product, by their size, can not influence prices, the product is identical and homogenous there perfect resource mobility, and economic actors are fully informed of market conditions.

Distinguishing features of perfect competition are:

1. coexist many vendors and applicants who are willing to buy or sell a particular product.
   
2. products offered in this market are homogeneous or equal, ie there is no difference in the product that is offered by all companies.
   
3. Buyers and sellers have no control distinguishable on the selling price, ie no influence on the market price is set so impersonal in the market.
   
4. Buyers and sellers are well informed that this type of market information flows perfectly.
   
5. The efertantes or sellers do not spend much time developing a marketing strategy, or its related activities.
   
6. Buyers and sellers can freely sell or buy them so they have freedom of movement (in or out).
   
7. Under the conditions reported, vendors companies have horizontal demand curve (or perfectly elastic).

monopoly exists when a single supplier sells a product for which no substitutes, and difficulties in entering the industry are great.
The three characteristics of a monopolistic market are the following:

1. The market is composed of a single vendor.
   
2. The seller only sells a product that has no similar substitute.
   
3. Barriers to entry are high. This means it is very difficult to enter the market.

Thus, the monopolist has concentrated all the force of a given sector, a group of consumers who are forced to consume their product no matter what conditions this imposes to trade with them and for them. With which consumers see their power restricted to the conditions set by the monopolist.

The near monopoly has no competition because there are barriers to entry by other producers of the same product. These barriers can be of different types (legal barriers, technological or otherwise), and become potential obstacles that new producers can not pass.

Monopolistic competition is characterized by numerous sellers of a differentiated product and because in the long run there is no difficulty entering or exiting the industry.

Monopolistic competition is defined as the market organization in which there are many companies that sell merchandise similar but not identical. Because this product differentiation, the sellers have some degree of control over the prices they charge.

However, the existence of many close substitutes significantly limits the power of "monopoly" of vendors and results in a very elastic demand curve.

In this type of competition, there is a significant number of producers operating in the market without a control dominant part of any of these in particular.

The key issue here is that it presents a product differentiation, ie a particular product, depending on the producer, may have variations that allow it to be, in some respects, different from other similar products made by other companies.

A oligopolistic market structure exists when there are few sellers of a homogeneous or differentiated product and enter or exit the industry is possible, albeit with difficulty.

The conditions for the submission of an oligopoly, and that also distinguishes it from other models could be:

• Competitors maintain close communication, either directly or indirectly.
  
• There are no restrictions to competitors wishing to participate in the market segment, we can only indirectly restrict the entry of these new competitors.
  
• oligopolistic competitors can reach substantial agreements, whether direct or indirect.
  
• The competition is not as closed as other models such as monopolistic competition.
  

Resources page:

1. Nassir Sapag Chain, Reinaldo Sapag Chain, "Preparation and Evaluation Project ", Fourth Edition
2. http://www.promonegocios.net/mercado/competencia-perfecta.html
3. http://www.liccom.edu.uy/bedelia/cursos/economia/archivos / STRUCTURES DE
MERCADO.pdf
4. http://www.monografias.com/trabajos15/tipos-mercado/tipos-mercado.shtml